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Witness of Times Past: The Old Jewish Cemetery in Libeň
Janáčová, Eva
The Old Jewish Cemetery in Libeň was founded in the 16th century, the first documented tombstones came from the 17th century. The cemetery was closed in 1892 for hygienic reasons, when burials began to take place at the New Jewish Cemetery in Davídková Street. From the research conducted in 1940, which recorded 626 existing tombstones, it arises that in exceptional cases burials were held here still in 1895. The cemetery was reduced in size several times: first before 1875, when the building of the railway station Lower Libeň was built on its southern tip, second during the construction of the Libeň bridgehead in 1929. According to the documentation preserved to this day, there were very valuable Renaissance, Baroque and Classicist tombstones clearly influenced by the urban sepulchral tradition at the cemetery. It was definitely not a rural type of burial ground, as was stated in the report from 1964. In terms of the iconography of the tombstones, traditional Jewish symbols appeared at the cemetery, such as Kohen’s hands and the Levite pitcher, the shofar, crown or in the most recent period a Star of David. Motifs of animals referring to the Hebrew names of the deceased were also common. Within the event For a More Beautiful Prague, the cemetery was covered with stones and buried in the soil in 1965.
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The Origins and Development of Congregation Bejt Simcha
Madarová, Sara ; Kohout, Ivan (advisor) ; Damohorská, Pavla (referee)
7 Anotace Má práce má za úkol zmapovat všechny důležité aspekty činnosti kongregace Bejt Simcha. První část mé práce zahrnuje popis reformního judaismu, nastínění jeho vzniku v Evropě a Spojených státech amerických a uvedení důležitých dokumentů týkajících se formování tohoto hnutí. Dále se snažím popsat na základě poskytnutých informací vznik, vývoj a formování Bejt Simcha. V několika kapitolách, které následují, píšu o fungování kongregace společně s jejím obsáhlým programem, a to nejen edukativním, ale i vydavatelským. Závěrem popisuji náboženské praktikování a získávání finančních prostředků, které napomáhají Bejt Simcha ke komunitní činnosti.
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Nazi Anti-Semitism Remembered: Jewish Memorials in the SBZ and GDR between the Years 1945-1987
McQuiggan, Sean ; Emler, David (advisor) ; Šmidrkal, Václav (referee)
The thesis is an exploration into the Jewish memorial sites erected in the Soviet Zone of Occupation (SBZ) and German Democratic Republic (GDR) between the years 1945 and 1987. The primary aim of the thesis is to provide a collection of Jewish memorial sites in East Germany during the aforementioned time frame. It uses the theories of French historian Pierre Nora as well a number of other authors to legitimize the importance of these memorial sites. In addition, a typology was created by the author to ensure the proper collection of the memorial sites in order to reflect the research question: how was Nazi anti-Semitism remembered in the German Democratic Republic (GDR) through memorial sites between the years 1945-1987? The thesis is, however, more than just a collection of data. It also provides observations about trends and patterns in Jewish memorialization as well uses a method introduced by Ahenk Yilmaz to examine the individual characteristics of the sites. The thesis concludes that Jewish memorialization in the GDR was primarily a bottom-up approach, a fact that has been overlooked by many researchers in the field. Key Words Memorials, East Germany, SED, Memory, Jewish
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Does really exist any space in the history of the topic of the Holocaust, in which there was no discussion in the USA about what had happened?
Rejtmajerová, Alžběta ; Kubátová, Hana (advisor) ; Calda, Miloš (referee)
Most of historians embraced the opinion, that the Holocaust was not the part of the public discourse from the end of the World War II until the 1960s. This premise persisted until the late 20th century. At the beginning of the 21st century started to talk the historians who believed that there was no vacuum. They try to defend their beliefs. Bachelor thesis Does really exist any space in the history of the topic of the Holocaust, in which there was no discussion in the USA about what had happened? talks about dilemma of historians, if there was no public discussion in the USA for some time, or if it is just a myth. It also deals with the reasons, how such dilemma could arise. And if it really is only a myth, how it could persist until today? Analysis of sources and arguments shows the conclusion, that each party of the dispute has its part of truth. The Holocaust was rather the marginal topic of public debate in the 1950s. There were multiple reasons to think so. Mainly, it was a political situation in the USA, than the survivors did not want to talk about their traumas or the society did not want to listen. The reasons complemented each other. Yet, arose works on Jewish suffering during World War II. Predominant reasons favour to the conclusion, that there was no silence. Quite a few works were...
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The Jewish Figural Iconography in the Czech Lands
Janáčová, Eva ; Konečný, Lubomír (advisor) ; Prahl, Roman (referee) ; Pařík, Arno (referee)
The primary aim of this dissertation is the mapping of Jewish figural iconography in the Czech lands, primarily of the Post-Emancipation - end of 18th to 20th century - period. The research focuses mainly on the protrayal of contemporary Jewish figures found in Czech visual culture, following religious as well as gradually secularized Jews through iconopgraphic themes. In dealing with the less observant or even wholly secularized Jewish figures, the aim is to show the iconographic elements by which these differ from the majority of society. In the first part the most important aspects of the evolution of Jewish iconography are analyzed. Among these the most important ones are a liberal interpretation of the Old Testament prohibition of figural representation, Jewish emancipation involving gradual assimilation as well as the Jewish yearning for an authentic visual representation, which most likely was the main factor behind the evolution of Jewish iconography. In addition to medieval and modern Jewish figural representations special attention is given to portrayal of Prague Jews and themes found in Hebrew manuscripts as well as printed materials, where surprisingly enough a much lower number of demeaning signs are found. Furthermore a gallery of portraits showing Czech Jews is shown, including...
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Jewish settlement in Chrudim and surroundings
Vaněk, Daniel ; Šedinová, Jiřina (advisor) ; Ebelová, Ivana (referee)
However the Jews were present in Chrudim already from the time of Přemysl Otakar II., their presence there was rather a rare phenomenon untill half of the 19-th century, when, due to the legislative changes, the Jews were given new opportunities and started to move from the surrounding country communities and villages to Chrudim. That was the beginning of the time of the greatest prosperity of Chrudim's Jewish community, which continued untill the World War II. During that time the Jews there were fully respected members (citizens) of the Czech society and were fully involved in the prosperity of the town, and the Thesis folows the traces, that Jews have left in the history of Chrudim, and also the surrounding Jewish communities, from which part of the Jewish families of Chrudim came, are mentioned here.
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